All you need to know about the metrics behind the tool, how it works, further research needed, and how the Climate Positive Design Challenge was established.

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1. “ATHENA® Impact Estimator for Buildings V5.2 Software and Database Overview.” (2017). Athena Sustainable Materials Institute, Ontario, Canada*
2. Banks, J. L., & McConnell, R. (2015, April). National Emissions from Lawn and Garden Equipment. In International Emissions Inventory Conference, San Diego.
3. de Klein, J. J., & van der Werf, A. K. (2014). Balancing carbon sequestration and GHG emissions in a constructed wetland. Ecological engineering, 66, 36-42.
4. Gu, C., Crane, J., Hornberger, G., & Carrico, A. (2015). The effects of household management practices on the global warming potential of urban lawns. Journal of environmental management, 151, 233-242.
5. “Hayter, James, (2005, June). International Federation of Landscape Architects. IFLA News, No. 60. 6
6. Lal, R. (2004). Carbon emissions from farm operations. Environ. Int. 30 (7), 981-990.
7. McPherson, EG.; Simpson, JR. (1999). Carbon dioxide reduction through urban forestry: Guidelines for professional and volunteer tree planters. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSWGTR-171. Albany, CA: Pacific Southwest Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture*
8. Obtained from https://serc.carleton.edu/eslabs/carbon/1a.html.  Last accessed 04/17/2019
9. US Environmental Protection Agency (2010). Exhaust Emission Factors for Nonroad Engine-Modeling – Spark-Ignition.
10. US Environmental Protection Agency – Greenhouse gas equivalencies calculator: https://www.epa.gov/energy/greenhouse-gas-equivalencies-calculator. Last accessed on 04/18/2019.
11. 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories.

*primary data source